Metabasis N. 28
édition numérique
peer review
Chaque essai de la revue est évalué par deux referees anonymes et leurs observations envoyées à l’auteur.
Imaginaires technologiques et systèmes politiques
Novembre 2019 - An XIV - Numéro 28
Réflexions politiques
Epochal criticalities and symbolic dispersions of belonging. Politics and impolitics in our time
Fiammetta Ricci
DOI: 10.7413/18281567151
The contemporary political scenery has been defined, in fact, the place of disaffection from politics, perhaps also because of this radicalization of its paradoxes and uncertainties. One could speak of an unpolitical deconstruction of the individual and the community, but we would almost find ourselves facing an irremediable breakdown, a self-dissolving short circuit to doing politics and also to undoing politics.hIn the linguistic-symbolic game of the construction of an increasingly polysemic reality, we should ask ourselves whether it is possible to reconstruct a properly political order of life and thought or if, by now, the interhuman connection space must necessarily be configured as unpolitical.
Abstract
The contemporary political scenery has been defined, in fact, the place of disaffection from politics, perhaps also because of this radicalization of its paradoxes and uncertainties. One could speak of an unpolitical deconstruction of the individual and the community, but we would almost find ourselves facing an irremediable breakdown, a self-dissolving short circuit to doing politics and also to undoing politics.hIn the linguistic-symbolic game of the construction of an increasingly polysemic reality, we should ask ourselves whether it is possible to reconstruct a properly political order of life and thought or if, by now, the interhuman connection space must necessarily be configured as unpolitical.
L'immaginario collettivo di Bouchard tra società, diritto e politica
Giuseppe Maria Ambrosio
DOI: 10.7413/18281567155
L’immaginario collettivo di Bouchard non è mera definizione dell’assetto culturale di una data società, ma dello scenario simbolico che, a diversi livelli, viene a disegnarsi nell’ambito di quell’assetto. Le particolari forme di significato e di linguaggio che lo abitano coinvolgono elementi emotivi e psicologici, i quali precedono e predominano gli stessi elementi razionali, rendendolo adatto ad una molteplicità di letture e di analisi.
Abstract
The present essay, inspired by Bouchard’s Social Myths and Collective Imaginaries by Gerard Bouchard, aims to propose a symbolic reading of some ideological, historical, juridical and political events. Perceived as a multifaceted set of combined symbolic forces, collective imaginary will be used as a key point to analyse the categories of sovereignty and utopia, the eighteenth-century myth of Reason and finally some aspects of the current socio-political scenario.
Violence politique illegale et principes axiologiques : interroger la structuration axiologique de la violence politique illegale
Caroline Guibet Lafaye
DOI: 10.7413/18281567156
Les discours publics sur le terrorisme, émanant d’institutions politiques ou médiatiques, mettent en évidence – pour des raisons politiques évidentes – des motivations psychopathologiques à son origine. Lorsque l’on parcourt les pages du journal Le Monde, avant comme après la mort des trois principaux membres du noyau historique de la Fraction Armée Rouge, les portraits proposés d’Andréas Baader évacuent systématiquement la rationalité de la lutte menée et ignorent toute dimension normative.
Abstract
Sociology has traditionally neglected the ethics of political violence carried by clandestine groups, often described as terrorists, the use of violence being immediately associated to the sphere of prohibition and immorality. However, the use of semi-directive interviews offers rare data allowing a sociological approach, taking into consideration the ethical dimension of actions deemed illegal. They allow the use of classical qualitative empirical methods. In this paper, we will explore the frequent objections to efforts to give legitimate status to the voices of actors involved in illegal political violence and outline the methodological approaches that can be used to rigorously exploit their interviews. We will show how the use of empirical material allows a shift in the focus on the motivations and reasons of the actors, in a comprehensive logic. We will highlight the usefulness of the “frame analysis” theory to capture the conceptual and axiological categories from which these actors construct significations, elaborate the meaning of ideas and values used to mobilize or counter-mobilize, to act and implement clandestine violence.
L'effimero immaginario della politica
Elpidio Bucci e Michela Luzi
DOI: 10.7413/18281567158
Dopo anni di retoriche sulla centralità dell’individuo proprietario, razionale, economicista e liberale, ci si è resi conto che le persone, in quanto tali, non sono quegli esseri egoisti che perseguono solo i loro interessi, bensì sono anche individui sociali . Pertanto, per riappropriarsi della propria esistenza è opportuno sganciarsi da una dinamica prevalentemente economicistica, tentando di recuperare il senso di una società nella quale ciascuno non sia solo rappresentazione di interessi o di ruoli, ma abbia anche un’utilità sociale, che viene manifestata tramite quello che effettivamente sa fare, la propria cultura, la tecnica, l’esperienza individuale e la creatività.
Abstract
The imaginary is not simply an area of unreality but is an ephemeral world of life that can be able to restore complexity to the reality in which actions are performed, also helping political management processes. The imaginary refers to a vague set of elements: beliefs, myths, memories, dreams, fictions that are decisive for an individual, and which, in certain circumstances, are made their own even by politics, especially the most recent one.
A policy that often to stimulate and foster public opinion and obtain consensus can and must also appeal to the imaginary and to do so can use various forms of communication, especially the more recent ones that have contributed to realize mass self-communication.
Horizons philosophiques
La metamorfosi della verità tra realtà e finzione, il dilemma di Jaques il fatalista
Enrico Graziani
DOI: 10.7413/18281567152
L’articolo tratta di un tema classico della filosofia politica concernente la relazione tra verità, vero, realtà, in antitesi al pensiero astratto partendo da un testo di Dennis Diderot Jacques le fataliste et son maître la cui prima stesura è del 1765. La complessità teoretica che si cela nel dialogo lascia ipotizzare la possibilità di sviluppare una riflessione sulla pluralità delle motivazioni che spingono l’individuo ad agire all’interno di strutture relazionali che a causa di un uso strumentale della verità, sfruttano il pregiudizio come arma di seduzione.
Abstract
The article intends to analyse a classic theme of political philosophy concerning the relationship between truth, true and real in contrast to abstract thought starting from Jacques le fataliste et son maître of Diderot. On this basis it triggers the antithetical relationship between truth as alétheia and the discarding of the truth that assumes the pesudological character of reality. This makes images destined to veil the truth and to dull the complexity of reality.
Acerca de la omniscienza, la eternidad y la omnipresencia de Dios
Juan Canseco
DOI: 10.7413/18281567150
La omnisciencia divina se cuenta entre las propiedades divinas que generan serios problemas al teísta. Y aquello que un teísta pueda decir coherentemente acerca de la omnisciencia divina dependerá de la interpretación que se dé a otros dos atributos divinos, la eternidad y la omnipresencia. En los siguientes párrafos discutiremos acerca de cómo pueden ser interpretados estos dos atributos divinos, para así estar en condiciones de evaluar sucesivamente los problemas que comporta la noción de omnisciencia divina.
Abstract
The attribute of omniscience raises serious problems for theism. What the theist can coherently say about divine omniscience will, however, be constrained by the interpretation which he or she accepts of two further defining properties of God, namely his eternity and his omnipresence. We explore how these two properties can be interpreted, and then consider how they generate problems about omniscience.
Apophatic theology in baroque iconography
John Hendrix
DOI: 10.7413/18281567157
In 1530, Antonio Correggio painted the Assumption of the Virgin fresco in Parma Cathedral. Heaven is a blinding light in a void at the center of a spiraling vortex of bodies circling around it, both leading up to it and falling away from it. Such an image would be repeated several times in the period of the Baroque, and it would be one of the core aesthetic devices of Baroque art. In Correggio’s fresco, and in the Ba-roque, God is a void of blinding light, ineffable and inaccessible, represented as a negation, as in nega-tive theology, or as what cannot be conceptualized or perceived, as in apophatic theology. Despite its prominent role in Baroque iconography in the Counter Reformation, apophatic theology is a product of the Platonic and Neoplatonic tradition.
Abstract
In 1530, Antonio Correggio painted the Assumption of the Virgin fresco in Parma Cathedral. Heaven is a blinding light in a void at the center of a spiraling vortex of bodies circling around it, both leading up to it and falling away from it. Such an image would be repeated several times in the period of the Baroque, and it would be one of the core aesthetic devices of Baroque art. In Correggio’s fresco, and in the Ba-roque, God is a void of blinding light, ineffable and inaccessible, represented as a negation, as in nega-tive theology, or as what cannot be conceptualized or perceived, as in apophatic theology. Despite its prominent role in Baroque iconography in the Counter Reformation, apophatic theology is a product of the Platonic and Neoplatonic tradition.
Virtual borders in the age of globalisation
Giuliana Parotto
DOI: 10.7413/18281567160
The article analyses the relation between globalization and borders. The elimination of borders is one of the main characteristics of globalization, also present in cognitive models that arose from reflections on the post-human and posthumous. The drive to restore borders can thus be seen as a form of resistance against the fenomena of globalization. In reality, globalization traces new borders that can be seen on bodies.
Abstract
The article analyses the relation between globalization and borders. The elimination of borders is one of the main characteristics of globalization, also present in cognitive models that arose from reflections on the post-human and posthumous. The drive to restore borders can thus be seen as a form of resistance against the fenomena of globalization. In reality, globalization traces new borders that can be seen on bodies.
Inside “An introduction to the principles of morals and legislation” by Jeremy Bentham
Claudio Anta
DOI: 10.7413/18281567154
Jeremy Bentham (1748-1832) published the first edition of An Introduction to the Principles of Morals and Legislation (1789) a century after the Glorious Revolution. He sought to encapsulate in the juridical field the reform needs that were coming from England and the rest of Europe: a moral science which would allow the legislator to make his choices depending on rational external calculations rather than on his arbitrary whims deriving from customary law in order to ensure the greatest happiness for his subjects. In Bentham’s thought, there was no longer true rationality in the ancient natural law construction; utility was the main principle that could be attributed to reason in order to support a rational legislative science that would be comprehensible and not oppressive. Through this detailed masterpiece, the English philosopher brought to fruition a sort of Copernican revolution of law that had already begun some decades earlier with Claude-Adrien Helvétius and Cesare Beccaria (to mention but two names), by seeking to extirpate prejudice and superstition from legal science.
Abstract
Jeremy Bentham (1748-1832) published the first edition of An Introduction to the Principles of Morals and Legislation (1789) a century after the Glorious Revolution. He sought to encapsulate in the juridical field the reform needs that were coming from England and the rest of Europe: a moral science which would allow the legislator to make his choices depending on rational external calculations rather than on his arbitrary whims deriving from customary law in order to ensure the greatest happiness for his subjects. In Bentham’s thought, there was no longer true rationality in the ancient natural law construction; utility was the main principle that could be attributed to reason in order to support a rational legislative science that would be comprehensible and not oppressive. Through this detailed masterpiece, the English philosopher brought to fruition a sort of Copernican revolution of law that had already begun some decades earlier with Claude-Adrien Helvétius and Cesare Beccaria (to mention but two names), by seeking to extirpate prejudice and superstition from legal science.
Il movimento cattolico da Pio IX a Pio X. Quale stato?
Franca Menichetti
DOI: 10.7413/18281567153
Nell’ultimo ventennio dell’800 e agli inizi del ’900, il movimento cattolico reca un proprio contributo all’idea e alla realizzazione dello Stato sociale. Pur tra tentennamenti e a volte fughe all’indietro, è convinto che il modo migliore per tutelare i diritti e le aspettative della Chiesa sia uscire dall’isolamento. Senza riconoscere pubblicamente gli attuali confini del Regno d’Italia, attenua via via l’originaria intransigenza. E spesso si discosta dall’atteggiamento ufficiale che il Vaticano, spalleggiato dalla Civiltà Cattolica, continua a tenere dal giorno dell’occupazione di Roma.
Abstract
These papers reconstruct, from a critical and historical point of view, the facts and the ideologies that were present in Italy because of Church, between Pius IX and Pius X. For example: Catholic liberalism, State of law, Catholic socialisms, Trade-unionism, Sturzo, Meda, Labriola and Croce. The conclusion: in the first years of Giolitti government, the clerical idea of a State without laicism will be only a dream.
La sovranità dell'individuo. Il rapporto fra il dovere di formazione interiore (Bildung) ed i diritti del cittadino nell'umanesimo politico di Johann Adam Bergk
Vanda Fiorillo
DOI: 10.7413/18281567159
Nella Germania illuministica al declinare del Settecento, il concetto di dovere, di ispirazione stoica, il quale aveva sostanziato nel corso dell’età moderna le Pflichtenlehren dei giusnaturalisti tedeschi, assurge ora a concetto centrale della politica.
Abstract
The sovereignity of the individual. The relationship between the duty of inner formation (bildung) and the rights of the citizen in the political humanism of Johann Adam Bergk.
Metabasis N. 28
édition numérique
peer review
Chaque essai de la revue est évalué par deux referees anonymes et leurs observations envoyées à l’auteur.
